Radio Frequency Identification-Free-Samples -Myassignementhelp

Question: Evaluate the use of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. Answer: Introduction Radio Frequency Identification is a wireless technology which enables us to gather data about a certain item without needing to touch that object; the information is gathered through the use of inductive coupling or electromagnetic waves. A RFID system can be divided into three components; a scanning antenna, transceiver and a transponder (the tags). The data or information is carried in a microchip attached to the antenna (together called transponder or tag) and the transceiver helps to send the data back to the scanner, and from there that information is sent to a host computer. Every tag has its own read and writes memory which allows the RFID system to detect the objects and perform work on it. The antenna is used to sends short bursts of radio signals and by doing this; it provides a way of communication with the transponder and gives the RFID tag to communicate back with that energy This report shows us the advantages of RFID technology and the practical use of this technology (Zhu, Mukhopadhyay Kurata, 2012). Technical Problems RFID has Overcome: - RFID is used for automatic identification of products or people; the main advantage of an RFID system over traditional methods such as bar codes is that it does not require physical contact or proper line of sight for the technology to work. It is also used for tracking and tracing items automatically. RFID system implementation adds intelligence and minimizes human intervention to the process of item identification and processing those products using electronic tags. RFID tags does not need a battery; so they can used for longer periods of time as they would not run out of juice (Mayordomo et al., 2013). Some libraries use RFID technology for peoples convenience which allows them to take books out or return them. It can be also helpful for finding missing books and finding misfiled books, by using a hand held battery operated RFID reader (Dwivedi et al., 2013). Sub-dermal tags are implanted under the skin of peoples or animals. It is mainly used for tracking animals and keeping a count of the animals. It is mainly used for studding the migration pattern of fish, by tagging them and keeping track of them at regular intervals. This technology can also be used for accessing secure computers without using a username or password, just by simply implanting a tag under their palm and waving their hand in front of the monitor (Hill, 2012). Many access controlled devices uses smart cards, which need to be swiped in a reader. When an individual uses a smart card for entering into an authorized room, an unauthorized person slips behind him without the system knowing of it. However, when using RFID, a person with a tag comes into range, the scanner or reader detects the person automatically (Chen et al., 2012). Technological limitations of RFID:- Radio Frequency Identification technology has been applied effectively, it has some technical barriers that need to be optimized for application. Some of those limitations are discussed below. Collisions: - When attempting to read several tag at a time the signals from different readers results in collision, and data loss happens. To prevent collisions from happening anti-collision algorithms are put in the readers (Jia et al., 2012). Jamming: - RFID systems use the electromagnetic spectrum; they can be very easily jammed, using the right high frequency signals. This could cause problems in stores and be highly disruptive to the environment, and can be disastrous in places like hospitals and military fields where RFID is largely used (Avanco et al., 2015). Tag collisions: - It happens when many tags are present in a small area, to overcome this sort of problem vendors can make systems that responds to tags one at a time (Yang et al., 2013). New Problems Created by RFIDs Limitations:- RFID tags cannot differ between one reader and another. Its scanners are very portable and they could be read from far, which in allows anyone with a portable RFID Some RFID tags are very small and very difficult for consumers to remove them; some of them are even hidden or embedded in the product where consumers cannot see them. RFID systems are designed in a way that tags and readers are kept at a minimum distance for them to work. However, a high-gain antenna could be used to read tags from far distances, resulting in privacy problem (Metzger et al., 2013). Products have unique bar codes, when those products are sold to consumers and paid with credit cards the RFID tag of that particular item can be associated with that credit card number. That can be unsecure for the consumers and thus it becomes a hindrance to RFID technology. Implementation of RFID Technology in an Organization:- Companies from all over the world are using RFID technology for supply chain management. Wall-Mart implements RFID technology for managing inventory more efficiently, reduce data entry error and human labor costs are reduced in the distribution hub of the company. Wall-Mart uses the data collected from RFID system to keep track of the stock and check whether the stock is running low and reduces labor costs. Wall-Mart can track the movement of the inventory which increases inventory standards and speeds up the physical aspects of the inventory process, products can be shipped and received faster, and it becomes easy for the organization to predict product demand. RFID helps shoppers to save time when shopping, products does not go out of stock as the system is constantly tracking every development. Implementation of RFID gets shoppers better deals as the systems are becoming more efficient, reducing inventory of obsolete products, the correct products are available at the right places in the stores and reduces thefts, misplacement and better placement of data sensitive inventory, all of these factors effectively boosts sales of the products (Zelbst et al., 2012). RFID Technologys Prospects in the Market Place:- Major limitations to associate RFID technology are explained below. There are no RFID standards for implementation. The demand for this technology should also have driven down its prices. Many organizations dont use RFID because of its price range. RFID technology cannot read through liquid and metals. Some items read rates can be very low. So RFID tags respond late and have a delayed response which in slows the whole process. Interruption to RFID chips signals could happen because of other RFs signals or conveyor belts present in the organization. To effectively implement RFID technology the warehouse and vehicles have to be fitted with readers and they need to be connected to the organizations computer network for information exchange. All of these changes results in increase of expenses. There is no standardization of software, hardware and network protocols. Better RFID systems with much low cost and privacy issues are to be used. If possible to overcome the above problems, unify the industry with standards and convince users of this technologys benefits then RFIDs future looks favorable (Reddy, 2012). Conclusion Therefore from the above discussion it can be concluded that even with many shortcoming and issues that obstructs the global application of RFID, it can be seen that organizations with complex supply chain management process benefits from its application, once the difficulties of its applications are dealt with. If organization incorporates this RFID technology it reduces human errors, increase tasks accuracy and improve safety. Although sole usage of RFID cannot have advantage if we want proper results we have to incorporate it with organizations supply chain management References Avanco, L., Guelfi, A. E., Pontes, E., Silva, A. A., Kofuji, S. T., Zhou, F. (2015, October). An effective intrusion detection approach for jamming attacks on RFID systems. InRFID Technology (EURFID), 2015 International EURASIP Workshop on(pp. 73-80). IEEE. Chen, Y. Y., Huang, D. C., Tsai, M. L., Jan, J. K. (2012). A design of tamper resistant prescription RFID access control system.Journal of medical systems,36(5), 2795-2801. Coustasse, A., Tomblin, S., Slack, C. (2013). Impact of radio-frequency identification (RFID) technologies on the hospital supply chain: a literature review.Perspectives in Health Information Management, (Fall). Dwivedi, Y. K., Kapoor, K. K., Williams, M. D., Williams, J. (2013). RFID systems in libraries: An empirical examination of factors affecting system use and user satisfaction.International Journal of Information Management,33(2), 367-377. Hill, N. P. R. (2012).U.S. Patent No. 8,240,085. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Jia, X., Feng, Q., Fan, T., Lei, Q. (2012, April). RFID technology and its applications in Internet of Things (IoT). InConsumer Electronics, Communications and Networks (CECNet), 2012 2nd International Conference on(pp. 1282-1285). IEEE. Mayordomo, I., Drger, T., Spies, P., Bernhard, J., Pflaum, A. (2013). An overview of technical challenges and advances of inductive wireless power transmission.Proceedings of the IEEE,101(6), 1302-1311. Metzger, C., Thiesse, F., Gershwin, S., Fleisch, E. (2013). The impact of false-negative reads on the performance of RFID-based shelf inventory control policies.Computers Operations Research,40(7), 1864-1873. Reddy, M. V. R. (2012). Status of supply chain management in India.International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering,2(7), 429-432. Yang, P., Wu, W., Moniri, M., Chibelushi, C. C. (2013). Efficient object localization using sparsely distributed passive RFID tags.IEEE transactions on industrial electronics,60(12), 5914-5924. Zelbst, P. J., Green, K. W., Sower, V. E., Reyes, P. M. (2012). Impact of RFID on manufacturing effectiveness and efficiency.International Journal of Operations Production Management,32(3), 329-350. Zhu, X., Mukhopadhyay, S. K., Kurata, H. (2012). A review of RFID technology and its managerial applications in different industries.Journal of Engineering and Technology Management,29(1), 152-167.

Industrial Waste Water Treatment for Textile - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theIndustrial Waste Water Treatment for Textile. Answer: Introduction: Industrial waste water treatment is the process used in industries to effectively treat effluents and waste water that come out as efflux from by-product of industries. This helps in reusing the water and protecting the environment from contamination. This helps to preserve the recreational values of water and also reduce negative health impact in community. Many types of pollutants are found in waste water such as decayed organic matter, excessive nutrient, chorine compounds, metals and other toxic substance. All this can have a harmful impact on the ecosystem and acts as threat for human health, aquatic life and wildlife too. Hence, treating water and waste is necessary in all industries. This report particularly analyzes the process of waste water treatment in textile industries and identified the problem in the process. It also seeks to find solution effectively treat the water produced from such industries. Waste Water Treatment Process and Problems Involved: Waste Water Produced in Textile Industry Textile industry is the highest growth industry that contributes to the economic growth of countries. However, the problem seen in these industries that high amount of water is consumed in the production of textiles and it also results in discharge of high amount of waste water. The most important source of contamination is the released of dyes from this industry after fibre dyeing and finishing process. Textile fibres produced in textile industries mainly consists of two types such as the natural fiber and the manufactured fiber. 90% of the organic dye used in industry are utilized in fibers and the rest is released as industry effluent (Pang Abdullah, 2013). The dyeing and finishing processes in this industry is the major contributor to pollution as it requires use of large amounts of chemicals and organic dyes. As water is used as a medium to apply dyes in fabric for finishing, some of the products end up as waste. Most of the waste contains high amount of suspended soli, nitroge n, heavy metals. During the manufacturing process of textiles, many anti-microbial agents resistant to biodegradation are used. Hence, according to environmental legislation, it is necessary to treat the dye-containing effluents before disposal into water bodies (Ozturk et al., 2015). Characteristics of Textile Industry Effluent Textile fiber products are manufactured in textile industries by means of series of mechanical process such as dry treatment and wet treatment. Dry treatment process includes spinning, weaving, knitting and fiber production, whereas the wet treatment process includes pretreatment by desizing, bleaching and mercerizing followed by dyeing, printing and finishing process. Hence, wet treatment requires high consumption of water and application of extensive organic dyes in the dyeing and finishing process resulting in high chance of environmental pollution and health related risk (Savin Butnaru, 2008). Figure 1: Process followed in textile industry. Source: (Information about the textile industry - Efficiency Finder, 2017) The waste water coming out after this process is high in Ph, temperature, toxicity, biochemical oxygen demand, suspended solids and total organic carbon. Textile industry is one of the major source of serious pollution issues. The colour of the dye is not the main reason for problem, rather the breakdown products that the dye releases contributes to toxic and carcinogenic characteristics (Carmen Daniela, 2012). Therefore, textile industry follows various process to treat water and meet legislative requirement for treatment of water and waste water. Figure 2: Characteristics of textile effluent. Source: (Pang Abdullah, 2013). Process Followed for treatment of textile industry effluent and challenges in the process Textile industry follows advanced methods for the treatment including adsorption, ion exchange, membrane filtration, reverse osmosis, ozonation, evaporation and many others. Four level of treatment is used for waste water treatment which are as follows: Use of preliminary treatment by means of physical methods to removes large solids and greases in water. Use of primary treatment by utilizing physical and chemical methods to remove suspended solids and organic matters in waste water. Use of secondary treatment by using biological and chemical methods to eliminate biodegradable organic matter and suspended solids. Use of tertiary methods to remove residual suspended solids. This can be done by means of physical, biological and chemical methods (Verma, Dash, Bhunia, 2012). Many combination of treatment process is used to treat waste water and safely dispose them without causing environmental risk and threats. Although many advanced technique of physical, chemical, electrochemical methods is available for treatment of effluent, many of the methods are time consuming and need large operational areas. Some of the methods have been found to be ineffective in treating toxic elements contained in waste water. For example, the biological treatment by means of aerobic and anaerobic process is not successful because in anaerobic condition, the azo dye is converted to hazardous aromatic amines (Khandegar Saroha 2013). Advanced oxygen process (AOP) is useful to overcome this limitation in other technique as it sufficiently removes organic matters, traceable organic contaminant and inorganic pollutants prior to biological treatment of effluents. Currently, metal oxide semiconductors are used in AOP treatment of waste water containing dye because of its degradatio n efficiency and low toxicity properties. As dye waste water is the reason for environmental and health problems, the innovative approach of AOP was proposed to treat waste water. This process uses the OH radicals to trigger a reaction leading to the breakdown of azo dye molecules into less harmful substances. On the other hand, the semiconductors photocatalyst used in the process promotes wide application of the process, as it is less expensive and does not cause any loss on photocatalytic activity. Currently, titanium oxides, zinc oxide and molybdate has been identified as effective phtocatalysts for the degradation of dye in waste water (Chan et al., 2011). However, this process is not widely used in textile industry because the overall cost is high. Its operating condition is very specific which increased the installation and operating cost. The study by Khandegar Saroha, (2013) gives insight into the process of electrocoagulation for treatment of textile industry effluent. This has been considered effective than other methods because of its versatility and compatibility with the environment. The effluent generated in the sizing, dyeing, fining and scouring process contains salts, dye, alkali and cleaning solvents. The salt released from the effluent may result in soil infertility and damage of aquatic life. Electro-coagulation has been regarded as a simple and effective process for the treatment of waste water and this fact is supported by many research studies (Aoudj et al., 2010) it has helped to remove heavy metals from waste water, on the other hand it also facilitate removal of arsenic, sulfide, nitrate and chromate. This technique is facilitated by the use of current source between metal electrodes and dipping it in the effluent. The metal ions form a wide range of coagulated species that aggregate and absorb dis solved contaminants. The study has been found to be effective when combined with other treatment methods. However, the removal efficiency for pollutants is high in electrocoagulation method compared to other methods. Another study gave the idea that decolorization and detoxification of textile industry effluent can be done by means of Pseudomonas bacteria. Apart from bacterial treatment, fungal treatment is also done in textile industry. However, fungal treatment is not effective because optimum activity of the enzyme is dependent on low pH requirements. Bacterial decolorization process has been considered effective because it involves oxidoreductive enzymes such as laccase and azoreductase. By means of the study on the best strain for biodegradation, it was found that Pseudomonas sp. has the ability to degrade and detoxify textile industry effluent. It helped in eliminating the waste water characteristics of chemical oxygen demand (Telke et al., 2010). On the other hand, Khlifi et al., (2010) proposed the decolorization and detoxification of textile industry wastewater by means of laccase mediator system. However, this study conclude that simple decolorization technique cannot result in detoxifi cation as the industry effluent is till toxic despite the use of most effective synthetic mediators. Chemical coagulation or flocculation technique is also regarded as a technology for removing color in textile waste water. This process involves the addition of chemicals in water to change the physical state of dissolved solids and suspended solids. This facilitates sedimentation process of the waste product. However, this process is sometimes disrupted by the entrapment of large coagulant. Hence, this process can be utilized only in the pretreatment process to remove waste materials in suspended forms that takes much time to settle down. Although the overall cost of this treatment is high, however this process is limited by the production of large amount of sludge in the effluent. In addition, the decolorization process is not effective for all soluble dyes (Verma, Dash, Bhunia, 2012). It can be successful only if small amount of dye is treated, however this cannot be feasible in textile industry where large amount of effluent is generated. Solutions to the Treatment Process The analysis and evaluation of different treatment processes used in the textile industry revealed weakness and limitations of many approaches. This limitation may severely challenges and cause problem in textile industry if waste water treatment is not adequately managed. Hence, it is necessary that an appropriate solution to the weakness is identified to promote efficiency in the waste water treatment process. In relation to the used of laccase mediators for detoxification of waste water, it was found ineffective in eliminating the toxicity levels in water. The natural mediators like acetosyringon can solve this issue. The effectiveness of the mediator can be judges by pre-toxicity screening test by means of bioluminescence test to gain idea about the overall toxicity of waste water and dye effluents in the industry (Khlifi et al., 2010). On the other hand, different technique of decolorizatoon method was also ineffectiveness either due to high cost or due to lack of ineffectiveness in achieving decolorization. Apart from laccase mediator, use of flocculation technique is also challenging because soluble dyes have high solubility. Furthermore, selection of best coagulant is very difficult with the advent of new dyes with complex structure (Verma, Dash, Bhunia, P. (2012). Hence, the solution to overcome these challenges in the treatment process is to use the electro-coagulation technique as a treatment process as it has numerous advantages. It has the potential to destabilize the small colloidal particle and also generate minimum amount of sludge. Furthermore, it is cost effective as it requires no additional cost and it is more readily filterable. The startup time for the operating the technique is also minimum Conclusion: The report on water and waste water treatment process in textile industry summarized the issue of generation of large amount of polluted effluent leading to environmental risk and health concerns for the community. With this issue, identification of the most appropriate treatment process for waste water effluent is critical to facilitate effective removal of waste. The evaluation of various techniques revealed various strength and limitations of the technique. Furthermore, based in the challenges identified in the treatment process, the electro-coagualtion process was considered the most effective in treating waste water effluent. Reference Aoudj, S., Khelifa, A., Drouiche, N., Hecini, M., Hamitouche, H. (2010). Electrocoagulation process applied to wastewater containing dyes from textile industry.Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification,49(11), 1176-1182. Carmen, Z., Daniela, S. (2012). Textile organic dyescharacteristics, polluting effects and separation/elimination procedures from industrial effluentsa critical overview. InOrganic Pollutants Ten Years After the Stockholm Convention-Environmental and Analytical Update(pp. 55-81). InTech: Croatia. Chan, S. H. S., Yeong Wu, T., Juan, J. C., Teh, C. Y. (2011). Recent developments of metal oxide semiconductors as photocatalysts in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for treatment of dye waste?water.Journal of Chemical Technology Biotechnology,86(9), 1130-1158. doi:10.1002/jctb.2636 Information about the textile industry - Efficiency Finder. (2017).Wiki.zero-emissions.at. Retrieved 26 May 2017, from https://wiki.zero-emissions.at/index.php?title=Information_about_the_textile_industry Khandegar, V., Saroha, A. K. (2013). Electrocoagulation for the treatment of textile industry effluent--a review.Journal of Environmental Management,128, 949-963. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.06.043 Khlifi, R., Belbahri, L., Woodward, S., Ellouz, M., Dhouib, A., Sayadi, S., Mechichi, T. (2010). Decolourization and detoxification of textile industry wastewater by the laccase-mediator system.Journal of Hazardous Materials,175(1), 802-808. Ozturk, E., Karaboyac?, M., Yetis, U., Yigit, N. O., Kitis, M. (2015). Evaluation of integrated pollution prevention control in a textile fiber production and dyeing mill.Journal of Cleaner Production,88, 116-124. Pang, Y. L., Abdullah, A. Z. (2013). Current status of textile industry wastewater management and research progress in Malaysia: a review.CleanSoil, Air, Water,41(8), 751-764. Savin, I. I., Butnaru, R. (2008). Wastewater characteristics in textile finishing mills.Environmental engineering and management journal,7(6), 859-864. Telke, A. A., Joshi, S. M., Jadhav, S. U., Tamboli, D. P., Govindwar, S. P. (2010). Decolorization and detoxification of Congo red and textile industry effluent by an isolated bacterium Pseudomonas sp. SU-EBT.Biodegradation,21(2), 283-296. Verma, A. K., Dash, R. R., Bhunia, P. (2012). A review on chemical coagulation/flocculation technologies for removal of colour from textile wastewaters.Journal of Environmental Management,93(1), 154. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.09.012

A Path to Forgiveness Student Loans Professor Ramos Blog

A Path to Forgiveness Student Loans When I was younger I met a guy that was about 4 years older then me, his name was Johnathan. We called him Jonny for short. Jonny worked with me at a â€Å"dead end† job, I eventually befriended him and learned his story. Here is his story. Jonny came from a middle-class family in Redlands. He attended Cal State San Bernardino, where he had to get many student loans in order to attend classes every semester and get his degree. He graduated with a bachelor’s in English and $55,000 in debt. Jonny was a very smart guy, but he just could not find a job that would pay him more then the $14.00 an hour he was making now. So eventually his 6-month grace period ended, and he had to start paying his student loans back, soon he started to fall behind on his other financial responsibilities because he had to pay his student loans. He had to move back in with his parents, almost lost his car and in the end his credit score was hit very hard. This was 3 years before I met Jonny. Now at this point Jonny has given up with trying to get a good job and has become as alcoholic due to financial stress which led to depression. Is there really what we want the bright minds of our society to fall into if they can’t afford to pay back student loans? If we forgive student loans, real life tragedies like Jonny would never happen. Student loans are a blessing for many people who would not be able to afford to go to college. They provide financial backing for these people to go to college without having to constantly stress on the thought â€Å"will I have enough money to register for classes next semester?† Student loans come in two forms subsidized and unsubsidized. The former does not accrue interest while the student is attending school. The later does accrue intertest while the student is in school. â€Å"The average student loan debt after graduation is $37,000.† (Gang 4) Imagine yourself just graduating college, what a joyous day! Now you start to think â€Å"I have a degree but roughly $37,000.00 in debt I have to pay back.† I know what you’re thinking $37,000.00 doesn’t sound so bad, but don’t forget the interest which is anywhere from 1-20% on the original amount borrowed. So back to imagining yourself after you graduated, wouldn’t it be nice to only ha ve to pay back some or even none of your student loan? Well, there is, and these programs are known as student loan forgiveness programs to help you with getting rid of your student loans. So, let me show you why we should forgive student loans. As a society we all benefit from people going to college and getting degrees, education helps us move society into the future. Most people do not want to be in debt and student loan debt â€Å"is now the second largest debt balance after mortgage indebtedness.† (McCarthy 1) Overtime people have come up with â€Å"forgiveness programs† for student loans. There are multiple types of programs available. Most of them do not completely pay off your student loans but can cut them down drastically. These programs are a huge incentive for people who want to go to college but must rely on student loans. Let’s talk about the effect of debt, and not just the obvious that you owe money that you sometimes can not pay. Debt has many psychological effects on people. The effects include but are not limited to â€Å"depression and high stress levels† (Chou) These psychological effects can majorly impact college graduates, especially newly grads. Imagine trying to find a job while being stressed out about being many thousands of dollars in debt. It will distract you from being able to completely focus. Now imagine that your going to become a teacher, public servant, doctor or joining the military. If you are going into one of these fields, you can get most of your student loan dismissed. Most of these programs do however require you to work for a minimum amount of time or a make a minimum amount of payments. President Trump has already made changes to student loans and their forgiveness programs. Most of these changes are very beneficially for students, Trump feels that the government should not profit from student loans but does not completely agree with student loan forgiveness. Previously if a portion or all your student loan was â€Å"forgiven† then it would be considered taxable income. For example, when you went to go do your taxes if you made $60,000 from your job and you had $40,000 in student loan forgiven your taxable income would be $100,000. This could leave people with tax debt, what is the point of losing your student loan debt, just to gain tax debt? In the passed bill H.R-1 it states â€Å"(Sec. 11031) This section temporarily modifies the exclusion of student loan discharges from gross income to exclude from gross income certain discharges on account of the death or total and permanent disability of the student.† (U.S. Congress) Before this bill was passed if a student was permanently disabled the student would still owe his student loan debt. If a student were to die, his family would inherit their debt. This bill has eliminated permanently disabled or dead students owing their student loans. Another program that Trump improved to help with student loans is the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program. This program has long been in place but was in danger of being thrown out. As a temporary measure Trump has extended the Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program. â€Å"The Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) Program forgives the remaining balance on your Direct Loans after you have made 120 qualifying monthly payments under a qualifying repayment plan while working full-time for a qualifying employer.† (Public Student Loan Forgiveness) I have shown you many facts about student loans and the negative impacts they can have before and after college. It can cause extra stress on top of the already stressful life’s we have that can easily turn into depression as you seen in Johnny’s story. I feel that as a society we can forgive student loans because the people who graduate college are very important to our society. If we did not have higher education, we would be a society filled with unintellectual people. So maybe next time a bill or law comes our way to help forgiveness of student loans. Think about all the negative effects of student loans and vote to help forgive student loans. WORKS CITED Chou, Eileen Y., et al. â€Å"Economic Insecurity Increases Physical Pain.† Psychological Science, vol. 27, no. 4, Apr. 2016, pp. 443–454, doi:10.1177/0956797615625640. Gang, Liang. â€Å"Institutional Factors Influencing International Student Graduation Rates and Debt† 24 August 2018, https://etd.auburn.edu/handle/10415/6339. Accessed 28 October 2018. McCarthy, Irene N., and Benjamin Rue Silliman. â€Å"An Earned Student Loan Repayment Program: A Tax Policy Proposal.† Journal of Business Accounting, vol. 8, no. 1, Fall 2015, pp. 27–50. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=bshAN=112921358site=ehost-live. â€Å"Public Student Loan Forgiveness† https://studentaid.ed.gov/sa/repay-loans/forgiveness-cancellation/public-service Accessed 28 October 2018. PR Newswire. â€Å"Subsidized Versus Unsubsidized Federal Student Loans What’s the Difference? Ameritech Financial Offers Clarity.† PR Newswire US, 9 May 2018. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=bwhAN=201805090800PR.NEWS.USPR.NY90626site=ehost-live. United States Congress. â€Å"H.R.1 - 115th Congress (2017-2018)† 22 December, 2017 https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/1

10 New Years Resolutions for Career Success in 2017

10 New Years Resolutions for Career Success in 2017 It’s hard to believe, but 2017 is right around the corner. This can be a great time to take stock and press the reset button, making positive resolutions for the future. These are often focused on personal improvement goals or hobbies, but could just as easily be a chance to buckle down, focus, and advance your career. This year, consider tailoring your resolutions to maximize career success, making sure to choose realistic goals that you can meet in any given year, rather than having the same goals end up on your resolutions list year in and year out without anything coming of it.Here are 10 of the best New Year’s resolutions for career advancement and success.1. Get PromotedSit down and take yourself through an evaluation of your career. What’s working well? What areas need attention? Then come up with a game plan for what your next step should be- be that a raise or a promotion. Figure out what you’d have to do to make either of those things happen, the n set about doing just that. You can’t always control the outcome, but you can control putting yourself in the best possible position.2. Acquire a SkillIt’s never too late to learn something new- and it’s always a great way to beef up your resume. Pick something that will fill a gap in your hiring profile, or that will really help you move to the next stage. Above all, pick something that interests you so you’ll be sure to follow through.3.  Become an Industry ExpertMake a resolution to keep a better eye on industry news and trends. Read blogs or newsletters or news sites that are relevant to your career and do it daily. With your morning coffee, perhaps. Being informed is an asset, and you’ll be surprised at how knowledgeable you become- and how valuable you’ll make yourself.4. Organize Your LifeBeing more organized is always an ongoing project. But this year pick one or a few things that you can be more proactive about. Separate your per sonal and professional social media spheres. Clean out your email inbox and come up with a system to keep it clean, starting fresh every day at 0 unread messages. Tidy your desk. Make a to-do list. Figure out a way to keep yourself efficient and productive all year long.5. SchmoozeWe could all always be doing more networking. Take your connection-making goals off the back burner and start building your network. Get active online, on LinkedIn and Facebook and Twitter, attend more industry events, ask a contact out for an informational coffee. Try doing at least one networking thing a month, then build to two or even one a week.6. Get HealthyYou’ll be surprised at how much difference a little extra sleep and some healthy eating can make. Cut back on alcohol or sugar. Exercise more. Quit smoking. You’ll live longer, have more energy, and find yourself much more motivated overall to reach your other goals.7. Learn How to Take CriticismHow we handle criticism is important. Train yourself to seek out constructive criticism and to be less defensive when hearing what you could be doing better. Feedback like this can be a great way to locate places where you ought to focus more. Free career advice!8. Quit If You Have ToIf your job is a dead-end, or you know you should have left long ago, consider making this the year you take the leap. Make sure you have a safety net and plan in place, but make turning your career around a priority.  9. Say Yes to What Scares YouIf someone offers you an opportunity or a challenge, take it. Don’t just demure because it would require more work or energy or is a bit risky. Leap at the big chances and see how far you can run.10. Find BalanceWork-life balance is a term so often thrown around these days. Take a minute to see where your particular balance falls out of whack, and figure out a solid plan on how to correct that imbalance. Remember, when you’re healthy and happy, you’ll work harder and achieve more.

Income and Substitution Effects of a Price Change Essay

Income and Substitution Effects of a Price Change - Essay Example Complete, reflexive and transitive are the axioms of consumer theory. The theory of consumer preferences can be formulated on the basis of the above axioms (Samuelson, 1956. p.3). The two axes represent a typical consumption of a consumer of goods 1 and 2. A consumption bundle (x1,x2) is taken along with the other consumption bundles that are preferred weakly to the selected bundle. This is what we mean by a set that is weakly preferred. The indifference curve is formed by the bundles forming the boundary of the selected set i.e. the bundles that will provide the consumer as much satisfaction as the selected bundle. The indifference curve can be drawn through any consumption bundle. One of the disadvantages in using indifference curve analysis is that it shows only the consumption bundle perceived by the consumer is indifferent. It fails to capture the bundles which are better or worse. One of its characteristics is indifference curve that represents distinct preferential levels cannot cross. The rate at which the consumer likes to substitute goods is called the marginal rate of substitution. MRS is derived from the slope of the indifference curve The budget constraint of the consumer is p1x1+p2x2=m. The consumption of good 1 is taxed at a rate of t. The new budget constraint will be (p1+t)x1+p2x2=m. The effect of the change in price on the demand conditions is shown in the figure below. The set of bundles that are preferred by a consumer to the optimal choice is above the indifference curve and the set of bundles that is against the affordability is above the indifference curve. Hence the optimal choice is the best bundle that can be chosen by the consumer. Now, an income tax is taken into consideration which raises the revenue by the same amount as the tax. The form of that budget constraint will be p1x1+p2x2=m-tx1*, where tx1* is the rise in revenue because of tax.

Old Spice verses Axe - Which is More Effective Research Paper

Old Spice verses Axe - Which is More Effective - Research Paper Example Some of the respondents answered that sexuality is natural and therefore it is alright to use axe for these experiences while other respondents felt annoyed that these aspects must not be used for commercial advertising. Axe incorporates much higher tendency of sexuality in its commercials while old spice keeps it moderate. Perhaps due to this reason, the effectiveness and popularity of old spice is way higher than axe till date. Brand Extension is defined as that marketing strategy of a company in which the company uses the same brand name for different products. An example of Dove can be taken in this regard. The company uses the same brand name that is ‘Dove’ for all its products which include bar soap, face wash, hand wash, body wash, shampoos, conditioners, deodorants, moisturizers, hair color etc. The original brand name is Dove which is used for the entire product range of the company. Line Extension is that marketing strategy where the company uses the same brand name for launching new variants of the existing products. In this case, the company can introduce new flavors, colors, sizes, forms, packaging, added ingredients etc. An example of ‘Maggi’ can be taken in this case. The company uses the same brand name for all the new variants it launch be it noodles, soups, flavorings anything. Private Brand is those products which are produced, marketed, distributed and controlled by retailers. There is the famous example of Private Brand in U.K. the most popular examples are ASDA, Sainsbury, Tesco which produce, control and market products by their own names. There is a number of products produced and marketed by these famous stores.

Terrorism and anti-terrorism laws Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Terrorism and anti-terrorism laws - Essay Example The most prominent combination of the War Measures Act, Canadian security certificate program, and Canada’s own Anti-Terrorism Act provides a stable and strong anti-terrorist legal framework in the country. However, the Canadian Anti-Terrorism Act functions as the most powerful element of this framework. The Canadian Anti-Terrorism Act extends the legal sphere of the war measures mechanism. Canada has fought wars with the United States and also it had conflicts with the Native Indian populations on certain occasions. During the World War II, Canada participated in several military operations in Europe and Asia-Pacific region. During Cold War, tensions regarding the country’s internal security concerns often surfaced. Hence, formulating the Anti-Terrorism Act in response to the 9/11 Terrorist Attacks was challenging but not impossible. Technically, this Act extends the powers of the institutions and the Government athwart the country’s security establishment so that they can address, combat, and diminish the threat of terror. The Act has some most important law enforcement process at focus. These are pre-emptive detention, extended surveillance, investigative hearing, preventive arrest, and stringent sentencing. Thus, it is highly similar to the USA PATRIOT Act, which was passed after the 9/11 Terrorist Attacks. (Canadian Legal Information Institute, 2012) It has been already mentioned that although Canada’s past has been relatively peaceful, the country’s involvement in several important greater international conflicts cannot be ignored. Like World War II and Cold War, Canada got involved in the War on Terror too. And like the previous conflicts, this conflict too called for certain specific and special arrangements. Terrorism has its peculiar dynamics. Since it is not direct warfare and even terrorist states enjoy diplomatic immunity in the modern society, it may prove to be more dangerous in the sense of psychological effect. And in the